Reference style

Sources should be referenced according to the Vancouver reference style. In-text references should be identified using numbers in round brackets. Where more than one number is required, they should appear consecutively [e.g., "cancer-related mortality (19)”; “adenocarcinoma (29,30)”]. References (including in the text, tables and figure legends) should be numbered consecutively and consistently according to the order in which they first appear in the text.

The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used in Index Medicus. For reports with up to twenty authors, all the author names should be listed. However, if a report has more than twenty authors, the first six authors should be listed followed by “et al.” For example:

  • Jang H, Carl M, Ma Y, Searleman AC, Jerban S, Chang EY, Corey-Bloom J, Du J. Inversion recovery zero echo time (IR-ZTE) imaging for direct myelin detection in human brain: a feasibility study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020;10:895-906.
  • Wáng YXJ, Aparisi Gómez MP, Ruiz Santiago F, Bazzocchi A. The relevance of T2 relaxation time in interpreting MRI apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map for musculoskeletal structures. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2023 doi: 10.21037/qims-23-1392. (if page number is not available yet, please provide the DOI).

For other styles of publication or Internet articles, see https://www.nlm.nih.gov/bsd/uniform_requirements.html.

Below are two examples for the management of the reference:

a.     If you manage references manually or in other way, you could refer to the reference example below:

Jang H, Carl M, Ma Y, Searleman AC, Jerban S, Chang EY, Corey-Bloom J, Du J. Inversion recovery zero echo time (IR-ZTE) imaging for direct myelin detection in the human brain: a feasibility study. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020;10:895-906.

b.     If you use “Endnote” (a commercial reference management software package produced by Clarivate Analytics, used to manage bibliographies and references when writing essays and articles), the reference style file for QIMS can be directly downloaded here: https://qims.amegroups.org/public/addition/qims/reference-style.ens.

Updated on Jan 30, 2024